The influence of the intraaortic balloon pumping (IABP) on the hemodynamic and coronary blood flow under control conditions and after experimental heart failure induced by coronary artery ligature was proved on eight dogs. By timely use of IABP (systolic pressure over 60-70 mmHg), the cardiac hemodynamics can be improved by means of reducing myocardial oxygen demands, and on the other hand by raising the coronary perfusion and oxygen supply.