Collapsed Lung Overview
Learn About Collapsed Lung
A collapsed lung occurs when air escapes from the lung. The air then fills the space outside of the lung between the lung and chest wall. This buildup of air puts pressure on the lung, so it cannot expand as much as it normally does when you take a breath.
The medical name of this condition is pneumothorax.
Air around the lung; Air outside the lung; Pneumothorax dropped lung; Spontaneous pneumothorax
Collapsed lung can be caused by an injury to the lung. Injuries can include a gunshot or knife wound to the chest, rib fracture, or certain medical procedures.
In some cases, a collapsed lung is caused by air blisters of the lung (blebs) that break open, sending air into the space around the lung. This can result from air pressure changes such as when scuba diving or traveling to a high altitude.
Tall, thin people and smokers are more at risk for a collapsed lung.
Lung diseases can also increase the chance of getting a collapsed lung. These include:
- Asthma
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
- Cystic fibrosis
- Tuberculosis
- Whooping cough
In some cases, a collapsed lung occurs without any cause. This is called a spontaneous collapsed lung or spontaneous pneumothorax.
Common symptoms of a collapsed lung include:
- Sharp chest or shoulder pain, made worse by a deep breath or a cough
- Shortness of breath
- Nasal flaring (from shortness of breath)
A larger pneumothorax causes more severe symptoms, including:
- Bluish color of the skin due to lack of oxygen
- Chest tightness
- Lightheadedness and near fainting
- Easy fatigue
- Abnormal breathing patterns or increased effort of breathing
- Rapid heart rate
- Shock and collapse
A small pneumothorax may go away on its own over time. You may only need oxygen treatment and rest.
The provider may use a needle to allow the air to escape from around the lung so it can expand more fully. You may be allowed to go home if you live near the hospital.
If you have a large pneumothorax, a chest tube will be placed between the ribs into the space around the lungs to help drain the air and allow the lung to re-expand. The chest tube may be left in place for several days and you may need to stay in the hospital. If a small chest tube or flutter valve is used, you may be able to go home. You will need to return to the hospital to have the tube or valve removed.
Some people with a collapsed lung need extra oxygen.
Lung surgery may be needed to treat collapsed lung or to prevent future episodes. The area where the leak occurred may be repaired. Sometimes, a special chemical is placed into the area of the collapsed lung. This chemical causes a scar to form. This procedure is called pleurodesis.
Mennonite General Hospital Inc
Jose Fumero is a Neuroradiologist and a Radiologist in Aibonito, Puerto Rico. Dr. Fumero and is rated as an Experienced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Collapsed Lung. His top areas of expertise are Cholesterol Pneumonia, Pleural Effusion, Pleurisy, and Collapsed Lung.
Alberto Maldonado-Molina is a Thoracic Surgeon and a General Surgeon in Ponce, Puerto Rico. Dr. Maldonado-Molina and is rated as an Experienced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Collapsed Lung. His top areas of expertise are Arterial Embolism, Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm, Carotid Artery Disease, Heart Bypass Surgery, and Carotid Artery Surgery. Dr. Maldonado-Molina is currently accepting new patients.
Corporacion Centro Cardiovascular De Puerto Rico Y Del Caribe
Alex Cedeno-Rodriguez is a Thoracic Surgeon in San Juan, Puerto Rico. Dr. Cedeno-Rodriguez and is rated as an Experienced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Collapsed Lung. His top areas of expertise are Fibrosing Mediastinitis, Pleurisy, Lung Cancer, Thymectomy, and Gastrostomy.
If you have a spontaneous collapsed lung, you are more likely to have another one in the future if you:
- Are tall and thin
- Continue to smoke
- Have had two collapsed lung episodes in the past
How well you do after having a collapsed lung depends on what caused it.
Complications may include any of the following:
- Another collapsed lung in the future
- Shock, if there are serious injuries or infection, severe inflammation, or fluid in the lung develops
Contact your provider if you have symptoms of a collapsed lung, especially if you have had one before.
There is no known way to prevent a collapsed lung. Following standard procedure can reduce the risk of a pneumothorax when scuba diving. You can decrease your risk by not smoking.
Summary: Pneumothorax occurs when air accumulates between the visceral and parietal pleura, and canbe defined as spontaneous, iatrogenic or traumatic. Spontaneous pneumothorax further classified as primary or secondary. Primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) occur in the absence of underlying lung disease. Primary spontaneous pneumothorax is more common in men and in younger patients and associated with sm...
Summary: The management of spontaneous large pneumothorax is not consensual. The current management involves the establishment of a Fuhrman catheter and an outpatient monitoring in pneumology consultation. Another alternative is widespread: simple exsufflation. However, no study has looked at the direct prospective comparison of these 2 treatments.
Published Date: January 02, 2023
Published By: Jesse Borke, MD, CPE, FAAEM, FACEP, Attending Physician at Kaiser Permanente, Orange County, CA. Also reviewed by David C. Dugdale, MD, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.
Hallifax R, Rahman NM. Pneumothorax. In: Broaddus VC, Ernst JD, King TE, et al, eds. Murray and Nadel's Textbook of Respiratory Medicine. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022:chap 110.
Peak DA. Scuba diving and dysbarism. In: Walls RM, ed. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 10th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2023:chap 131.
Raja AS. Thoracic trauma. In: Walls RM, ed. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 10th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2023:chap 37.