Epidural Abscess Overview
Learn About Epidural Abscess
An epidural abscess is a collection of pus (infected material) and germs between the outer covering of the brain and spinal cord and the bones of the skull or spine. The abscess causes swelling in the area.
Abscess - epidural; Spinal abscess
Epidural abscess is a rare disorder caused by infection in the area between the bones of the skull, or spine, and the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord (meninges). This infection is called an intracranial epidural abscess if it is inside the skull area. It is called a spinal epidural abscess if it is found in the spine area. Most are located in the spine.
The spinal infection is usually caused by bacteria but may be caused by a fungus. It can be due to other infections in the body (especially a urinary tract infection), or germs that spread through the blood. In some people, though, no other source of infection is found.
An abscess inside the skull is called an intracranial epidural abscess. The cause may be any of the following:
- Chronic ear infections
- Chronic sinusitis
- Head injury
- Mastoiditis
- Recent neurosurgery
An abscess of the spine is called a spinal epidural abscess. It may be seen in people with any of the following:
- Prior back surgery or another invasive procedure involving the spine
- Bloodstream infections
- Boils, especially on the back or scalp
- Bone infections of the spine (vertebral osteomyelitis)
People who inject drugs are also at increased risk.
Spinal epidural abscess may cause these symptoms:
- Bowel or bladder incontinence
- Difficulty urinating (urinary retention)
- Fever and back pain
Intracranial epidural abscess may cause these symptoms:
- Fever
- Headache
- Lethargy
- Nausea and vomiting
- Pain at the site of recent surgery that gets worse (especially if fever is present)
Nervous system symptoms depend on the location of the abscess and may include:
- Decreased ability to move any part of the body
- Loss of sensation in any area of the body, or abnormal changes in sensation
- Weakness
The goal of treatment is to cure the infection and reduce the risk for permanent damage. Treatment usually includes antibiotics and surgery. In some cases, antibiotics alone are used.
Antibiotics are usually given through a vein (IV) for at least 4 to 6 weeks. Some people need to take them for a longer time, depending on the type of bacteria and how severe the disease is.
Surgery may be needed to drain or remove the abscess. Surgery is also often needed to reduce pressure on the spinal cord or brain, if there is weakness or damage to the nerves.
Physical Medicine And Rehab Medical Service Group
Shernaz Hurlong is a Physiatrist in Syracuse, New York. Dr. Hurlong and is rated as a Distinguished provider by MediFind in the treatment of Epidural Abscess. Her top areas of expertise are Epidural Abscess, Brain Abscess, Stroke, and Chronic Subdural Hematoma.
Neurosurgical Associates Of Central New York, Llp
Satish Krishnamurthy is a Neurosurgery provider in Syracuse, New York. Dr. Krishnamurthy and is rated as an Advanced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Epidural Abscess. His top areas of expertise are Hydrocephalus, Meningioma, Radiation Induced Meningioma, Delirium, and Awake Craniotomy.
Brandon Wilkinson is a General Practice provider in Syracuse, New York. Dr. Wilkinson and is rated as an Experienced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Epidural Abscess. His top areas of expertise are Choroid Plexus Papilloma, Epidural Abscess, Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor, and Kyphosis.
Early diagnosis and treatment greatly improve the chance of a good outcome. Once weakness, paralysis, or sensation changes occur, the chance of recovering lost function is greatly reduced. Permanent nervous system damage or death may occur.
Complications may include:
- Brain abscess
- Brain damage
- Bone infection (osteomyelitis)
- Chronic back pain
- Meningitis (infection of the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord)
- Nerve damage
- Return of infection
- Spinal cord abscess
An epidural abscess is a medical emergency. Go to the emergency room or call 911 or the local emergency number if you have symptoms of spinal cord abscess.
Treatment of certain infections, such as ear infections, sinusitis, and bloodstream infections, may decrease the risk for an epidural abscess. Early diagnosis and treatment are important to prevent complications.
Summary: This project is a pilot study of an adapted intervention of an existing Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) treatment retention intervention called Recovery Management Checkups (RMC). This intervention has been adapted to better fit the experiences and unique issues of those that have been hospitalized with serious injection related infections (SIRI) based on the findings from a prior qualitative study from...
Summary: The purpose of this study is to evaluate if neuraxial anesthesia (epidural or intradural anesthesia) used during childbirth is associated with more frequent infectious complications in patients with primary immunodeficiencies (PID).
Published Date: December 04, 2022
Published By: Jatin M. Vyas, MD, PhD, Associate Professor in Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Associate in Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA. Also reviewed by David C. Dugdale, MD, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.
Rajasekaran S, Viswanathan VK, Shetty AP. Primary infections of the spine. In: Steinmetz MP, Berven SH, Benzel EC, eds. Benzel's Spine Surgery. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022:chap 44.
Tunkel AR. Subdural empyema, epidural abscess, and suppurative intracranial thrombophlebitis. In: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 91.