Undescended Testicle Overview
Learn About Undescended Testicle
Undescended testicle occurs when one or both testicles fail to move into the scrotum before birth.
Cryptorchidism; Empty scrotum - undescended testes; Scrotum - empty (undescended testes); Monorchism; Vanished testes - undescended; Retractile testes
Most of the time, a boy's testicles descend into the scrotum by the time he is 6 months old. Undescended testicles are common in infants who are born early. The problem occurs less in full-term infants.
Some babies have a condition called retractile testes and the health care provider may not be able to find the testicles. In this case, the testicle is normal, but is pulled back out of the scrotum by a muscle reflex. This occurs because the testicles are still small before puberty. The testicles will descend normally at puberty and surgery is not needed.
Testicles that do not naturally descend into the scrotum are considered abnormal. An undescended testicle is more likely to develop cancer, even if it is brought into the scrotum with surgery. Cancer is also more likely in the other testicle.
Bringing the testicle into the scrotum can improve sperm production and increase the chances of good fertility. It also allows the provider to do an exam for the early detection of cancer.
In other cases, no testicle may be found, even during surgery. This may be due to a problem that occurred while the baby was still developing before birth.
Most of the time there are no symptoms other than the absence of the testicle in the scrotum. (This is called an empty scrotum.)
In most cases, the testicle will descend without treatment during the child's first year. If this does not occur, treatment may include:
- Hormone injections (B-HCG or testosterone) to try to bring the testicle into the scrotum.
- Surgery (orchiopexy) to bring the testicle into the scrotum. This is the main treatment.
Having surgery early may prevent damage to the testicles and avoid infertility. An undescended testicle that is found later in life may need to be removed. This is because the testicle is not likely to function well and could pose a risk for cancer.
Uci Department Of Urology
Melvin Seard is an Urologist in Orange, California. Dr. Seard has been practicing medicine for over 40 years and is rated as an Advanced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Undescended Testicle. His top areas of expertise are Enlarged Prostate (BPH), Neurogenic Bladder, Kidney Stones, Aquablation, and Ureteroscopy.
Elias Wehbi is an Urologist in Orange, California. Dr. Wehbi and is rated as an Advanced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Undescended Testicle. His top areas of expertise are Hydronephrosis, Urinary Tract Infection (UTI), Hypospadias, Thrombectomy, and Reconstructive Urology Surgery.
Childrens Hospital Of Orange County
Kai-wen Chuang is an Urologist in Orange, California. Dr. Chuang and is rated as an Experienced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Undescended Testicle. Her top areas of expertise are Hydronephrosis, Urinary Tract Infection (UTI), Neurogenic Bladder, Vaginectomy, and Reconstructive Urology Surgery.
Most of the time, the problem goes away without treatment. Medicine or surgery to correct the condition is successful in most cases. Once the condition is corrected, you should have routine testicle exams by your provider.
In about 50% of males with undescended testicles, the testicles cannot be found at the time of surgery. This is called a vanished or absent testis. As stated earlier, it may be due to something while the baby was still developing during pregnancy.
Complications may include:
- Damage to the testicle from surgery
- Infertility later in life
- Testicular cancer in one or both testes
Contact your child's provider if he appears to have an undescended testicle.
Summary: This study compares the postoperative analgesic effectiveness of Caudal Block (CB) and Retrolaminar Block (RLB) in pediatric patients undergoing undescended testis surgeries. Both techniques aim to manage pain effectively and reduce reliance on systemic analgesics, improving recovery and minimizing complications. The double-blind, randomized controlled trial will include 1-7-year-old ASA I-II pati...
Summary: This is a randomized trial designed to evaluate testicular outcomes after a single stage versus a two-stage surgical procedure to fix an undescended, one-sided testicle located in the abdomen. Also to determine and compare the costs, surgical complications and the health related quality of life for the two procedures. Testicular outcomes will be measured using a scrotal ultrasound 6-12 months afte...
Published Date: July 01, 2023
Published By: Kelly L. Stratton, MD, FACS, Associate Professor, Department of Urology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK. Also reviewed by David C. Dugdale, MD, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.
Barthold JS, Hagerty JA. Etiology, diagnosis, and management of the undescended testis. In: Partin AW, Domochowski RR, Kavoussi LR, Peters CA, eds. Campbell-Walsh-Wein Urology. 12th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 46.
Chung DH. Pediatric surgery. In: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. Sabiston Textbook of Surgery. 21st ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2022:chap 67.
Elder JS. Disorders and anomalies of the scrotal contents. In: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 560.
Robertson RP. Testicular dysgenesis syndrome and testicular tumors. In: Robertson RP, ed. DeGroot's Endocrinology. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2023:chap 115.